ANCIENT WONDERS RETOLD

The Entire History of Mesopotamia in 16 Minutes

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Numerical and proto cuneiforms tablets - Oriental Institute.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Original: Daderot Derivative work : Zunkir
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Archaic cuneiform tablet E.A. Hoffman.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Barton, George A. (12 November 1859 - 28 June 1942)
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Clay tablet, late Uruk period, 3300-3100 BCE. Proto-cuneiform signs, food issue list " rations" written by combining a human head and a bowl. Purchased via Christie's in 1989, with contribution from the British Museum Friends.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin FRCP(Glasg)
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Clay tablet. Counting board, the archaic cuneiform sign "DUG" (vessel) appears. From Uruk, Iraq. End of the 4th millennium BCE. Vorderasiatisches Museum, Berlin.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin FRCP(Glasg)
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Sumerian Votive Statue of a Worshipper from Mari Damascus Museum.jpg

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Statue of a Sumerian seated worshiper from Tell Asmar.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin FRCP(Glasg)
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Statuette of a Sumerian female worshiper from Ur, Iraq.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin FRCP(Glasg)
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Statue of male worshipper from Tell Asmar.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin FRCP(Glasg)
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Sumerian Worshiper.JPG

Creator / recorded attribution: Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin FRCP(Glasg)
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Closeup of Queen Puabi's beaded cape and gold jewelry recovered from the royal cemetery of Ur, Iraq 2550-2450 BCE.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Mary Harrsch
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Closeup of Queen Puabi's gold headdress and gold jewelry recovered from the royal cemetery of Ur, Iraq 2550-2450 BCE (33434975442).jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Mary Harrsch from Springfield, Oregon, USA
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Part of front of Inanna temple of Kara Indasch from Uruk Vorderasiatisches Museum Berlin.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Picture taken by Marcus Cyron
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Uruk Trough.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Gary Todd
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Uruk ziggurat (2).jpg

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Stèle de Naram-Sin - Musée du Louvre Antiquités orientales SB 4 ; AS 6065.jpg

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Inscription of the Stele of Naram-Sin.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Jean-Jacques de Morgan (1857-1924) Mission archéologique en Iran; France. Mission archéologique en Iran.
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Stele of Naram-Sin Akkadian inscription upper left corner.jpg

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Stele Naram Sim Louvre Sb4.jpg

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Ancient ziggurat at Ali Air Base Iraq 2005.jpg

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Ziggurat of Ur Site in Nasiriyah 17.jpg

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Ziggurat of Ur Site in Nasiriyah 19.jpg

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Fired mudbrick, stamped. The cuneiform inscription mentions the name of Ur-Nammu, king of Ur. Two accidentally impressed dog's paw-marks near one edge. From the Ziggurat of Ur, Ur, Iraq. Ur III period, 21st century BCE. British Museum.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin FRCP(Glasg)
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Fired mudbrick, stamped. The cuneiform inscription mentions the name of Ur-Nammu, 2 accidentally impressed dog's paw-marks near one edge. From the Ziggurat of Ur, Ur, Iraq. Ur III period, 21st century BCE. British Museum.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin FRCP(Glasg)
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Brick inscription Ur Namma AN1967.1504.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Zunkir
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P1050763 Louvre code Hammurabi face rwk.JPG

Creator / recorded attribution: Mbzt
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Code de Hammurabi - musée Champollion 03.JPG

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Code of Hammurabi 54.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: ridaeology
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Museum of Anatolian Civilizations Assyrian Colonies period from Kültepe Unidentified cuneiform tablet in 2014 03.jpg

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Museum of Anatolian Civilizations Assyrian Colonies period from Kültepe Unidentified cuneiform tablet in 2019 01.jpg

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Museum of Anatolian Civilizations Assyrian Colonies period from Kültepe Unidentified cuneiform tablet in 2014 02.jpg

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Cuneiform tablet case impressed with four cylinder seals Old Assyrian.png

Creator / recorded attribution: Metropolitan Museum of Art
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Kudurru mentioning the name of the Kassite king Kurigalzu II, from Nippur, Iraq, Ancient Orient Museum.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin FRCP(Glasg)
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Kudurru BM 90833.jpg

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Babylonian Kassite Kudurru Boundary Stone Louvre Museum.jpg

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Assyrian Relief - British Museum.jpg

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Alabaster Relief Fragment of Tribute-Bearer from Palace at Nimrud, 883-859 BC.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Gary Todd
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The fall of Lachish, King Sennacherib reviews Judaean prisoners..JPG

Creator / recorded attribution: Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin FRCP(Glasg)
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Detail of a gypsum wall relief depicting the deportation of the inhabitants of the city of Lachish by the Assyrian army. Reign of Sennacherib, 700-692 BCE, from Nineveh, Iraq, currently housed in the British Museum.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin FRCP(Glasg)
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Lachish Relief, British Museum 8.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Photograph by Mike Peel (www.mikepeel.net).
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Manuel du devin - Ninive.jpg

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Shumma alu 61 K.116.jpg

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Shumma ibzu K.2007.jpg

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K.3628 baby illnesses.jpg

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Lion Ishtar gate IAM inv88.143.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Marie-Lan Nguyen
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Lion Ishtar gate IAM inv88.144.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Marie-Lan Nguyen
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A lion on the Ishtar Gate of Babylon reconstructed with original bricks at the Pergamon Museum in Berlin 575 BCE (3) (32577951406).jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Mary Harrsch from Springfield, Oregon, USA
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A slab represented a part of the Ishtar Gate.jpg

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Cyrus Cylinder.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Photograph by Mike Peel (www.mikepeel.net). Modifications by مانفی
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Cyrus Cylinder front.jpg

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Lamassu Nimrud Layard 1849 (2).jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Alemazzi
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Lamassu from the Throne Room, North-West Palace at Nimrud, British Museum.jpg

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Lamassu from the Throne Room, North-West Palace at Nimrud, British Museum - 2.jpg

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Gilgamesh Dream Tablet.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: District Court for the Eastern District of New York
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Tablet V of the Epic of Gilgamesh.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin FRCP(Glasg)
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The Newly Discovered Tablet V of the Epic of Gilgamesh. Meeting Humbaba, with Enkidu, at the Cedar Forest. The Sulaymaniyah Museum, Iraqi Kurdistan.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin FRCP(Glasg)
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The Newly Discovered Tablet V of the Epic of Gilgamesh, The Sulaymaniyah Museum, Iraq.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin FRCP(Glasg)
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Cylinder seal AN1949.900.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Zunkir
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Cylinder seal Akkadian 1931.114 Etana.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Zunkir
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Bronze head of an Akkadian ruler, discovered in Nineveh in 1931, presumably depicting either Sargon or Sargon's grandson Naram-Sin (Rijksmuseum van Oudheden).jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Eric de Redelijkheid from Utrecht, Netherlands
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Royal Akkadian Head from Nineveh (inv.nr. IM 11331).jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Hans Ollermann
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Sargon of Akkad.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Unknown author
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Hammurabi code Istanbul.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Istanbul Archaeology Museums
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Code of Hammurabi 46.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Fabio Santos
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Nabonidus's faults and absences were recorded alongside events of his reign. By the autumn of 539 BCE, Babylon had surrendered to the army of king Cyrus to become part of the growing Achaemenid Empire. From Babylon, Iraq, 530-400 BCE.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin FRCP(Glasg)
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Nebuchadnezzar II's Building Inscription plaque of the Ishtar Gate, from Babylon, Iraq. 6th century BCE. Pergamon Museum.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin FRCP(Glasg)
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Detail, Nebuchadnezzar' IIs Building Inscription plaque of the Ishtar Gate, from Babylon, Iraq, 6th century BCE. Pergamon Museum.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin FRCP(Glasg)
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Detail, Nebuchadnezzar II's Building Inscription plaque of the Ishtar Gate, from Babylon, Iraq. 6th century BCE. Pergamon Museum.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin FRCP(Glasg)
License or public-domain status: CC BY-SA 4.0
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Ancient Assyria Lamassu (Winged Bull) from Nimrud, 9th C. BC.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Gary Todd
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London - Great Russell Street - British Museum - Colossal statues of winged human-headed bulls from the North-West Palace of Ashurnasirpal II, Nimrud 859BC.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Txllxt TxllxT
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Ancient Assyria Lamassu (Winged Bull) from Nimrud, 9th C. BC (28672591576).jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Gary Todd from Xinzheng, China
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Columns with clay mosaic cones from the Eanna precinct in Uruk (southern Mesopotamia), Pergamon Museum, Berlin, Germany, unknown architect, 3600-3200 BC (02).jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Neoclassicism Enthusiast
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Clay tablet, record of barley and emmer. Late Uruk period, 3300-3100 BCE. Purchased via Christie's, no provenance.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin FRCP(Glasg)
License or public-domain status: CC BY-SA 4.0
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Cuneiform tablet- administrative account concerning the distribution of barley and emmer MET DP297601.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Creator not recorded; Metropolitan Museum of Art (image source)
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Cuneiform tablet- administrative account of barley distribution with cylinder seal impression of a male figure, hunting dogs, and boars MET DP297594.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Creator not recorded; Metropolitan Museum of Art (image source)
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Cuneiform tablet- administrative account with entries concerning malt and barley groats MET DP293245.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Creator not recorded; Metropolitan Museum of Art (image source)
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Cuneiform tablet- Old Babylonian balag to the mother goddess Aruru MET DP360671.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Creator not recorded; Metropolitan Museum of Art (image source)
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Clay tablet and its sealed clay envelope. Legal document, listing of land and their distribution to several sons. From Sippar, Iraq. Old-Babylonian period. Reign of Sin-Muballit, 1812-1793 BCE. Vorderasiatisches Museum, Berlin, Germany.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin FRCP(Glasg)
License or public-domain status: CC BY-SA 4.0
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Babylonian - Sumerian Temple Hymn - Walters 481802 - View A.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Unknown author (Babylon)
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Inscription Hammurabi Ezida MNB 1847.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Zunkir
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Prologue Hammurabi Code Louvre AO10237.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Marie-Lan Nguyen
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Cuneiform tablet with schoolwork BM 104096.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Zunkir
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Detail, stele of Nabonidus. Nabonidus wears the traditional dress of a Babylonian king, holding objects symbolizing justice and power.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin FRCP(Glasg)
License or public-domain status: CC BY-SA 4.0
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Ruins of the ancient city of Babylon, Iraq, 6th century BC.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin FRCP(Glasg)
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Ruins of Babylon, Mesopotamia, Iraq.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin FRCP(Glasg)
License or public-domain status: CC BY-SA 4.0
Source: Original source and rights record
Changes made for the film: Source image retained without retouching. Film display: scaling, camera movement, contextual labels and captions.

Ruins of the ancient city of Babylon in Iraq, reign of Nebuchadnezzar II, 6th century BC,.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin FRCP(Glasg)
License or public-domain status: CC BY-SA 4.0
Source: Original source and rights record
Changes made for the film: Source image retained without retouching. Film display: scaling, camera movement, contextual labels and captions.

Ruins of the ancient city of Babylon, Babel, Iraq, 6th century BC.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin FRCP(Glasg)
License or public-domain status: CC BY-SA 4.0
Source: Original source and rights record
Changes made for the film: Source image retained without retouching. Film display: scaling, camera movement, contextual labels and captions.

Victory stele of Esarhaddon.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Richard Mortel from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
License or public-domain status: CC BY 2.0
Source: Original source and rights record
Changes made for the film: Source image retained without retouching. Film display: scaling, camera movement, contextual labels and captions.

Detail, Sam'al stele of Esarhaddon, 671 BCE, Pergamon Museum.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin FRCP(Glasg)
License or public-domain status: CC BY-SA 4.0
Source: Original source and rights record
Changes made for the film: Source image retained without retouching. Film display: scaling, camera movement, contextual labels and captions.

Sargon victory stele three-quarter view.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: ALFGRN
License or public-domain status: CC BY-SA 2.0
Source: Original source and rights record
Changes made for the film: Source image retained without retouching. Film display: scaling, camera movement, contextual labels and captions.

Sargon victory stele back register.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: ALFGRN
License or public-domain status: CC BY-SA 2.0
Source: Original source and rights record
Changes made for the film: Source image retained without retouching. Film display: scaling, camera movement, contextual labels and captions.

Nergal gate in Nineveh.JPG

Creator / recorded attribution: JoAnn S. Makinano, U.S. Air Force
License or public-domain status: Public domain (source status)
Source: Original source and rights record
Changes made for the film: Source image retained without retouching. Film display: scaling, camera movement, contextual labels and captions.

Nineveh - Mashki Gate.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Omar Siddeeq Yousif
License or public-domain status: CC BY-SA 4.0
Source: Original source and rights record
Changes made for the film: Source image retained without retouching. Film display: scaling, camera movement, contextual labels and captions.

Nineveh Adad gate exterior entrance far2.JPG

Creator / recorded attribution: Fredarch (talk)
License or public-domain status: CC BY-SA 3.0
Source: Original source and rights record
Changes made for the film: Source image retained without retouching. Film display: scaling, camera movement, contextual labels and captions.

Nineveh walls east Shamash Gate from rampart.JPG

Creator / recorded attribution: User:Fredarch
License or public-domain status: CC BY-SA 3.0
Source: Original source and rights record
Changes made for the film: Source image retained without retouching. Film display: scaling, camera movement, contextual labels and captions.

Ishtar Gate at Berlin Museum.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Rictor Norton
License or public-domain status: CC BY 2.0
Source: Original source and rights record
Changes made for the film: Source image retained without retouching. Film display: scaling, camera movement, contextual labels and captions.

Ishtar Gate in the Pergamon Museum -.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Kurt Kaiser
License or public-domain status: CC0
Source: Original source and rights record
Changes made for the film: Source image retained without retouching. Film display: scaling, camera movement, contextual labels and captions.

Fragment of the Ishtar Gate, Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek, 20220618 1111 7058.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Jakub Hałun
License or public-domain status: CC BY-SA 4.0
Source: Original source and rights record
Changes made for the film: Source image retained without retouching. Film display: scaling, camera movement, contextual labels and captions.

Boat crossing Tigris river.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Samir Al-Ibrahem
License or public-domain status: CC BY-SA 4.0
Source: Original source and rights record
Changes made for the film: Source image retained without retouching. Film display: scaling, camera movement, contextual labels and captions.

Iraq. River scenes on the Euphrates taken at Hilla. Typical river boats LOC matpc.16120.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Matson Collection
License or public-domain status: Public domain (source status)
Source: Original source and rights record
Changes made for the film: Source image retained without retouching. Film display: scaling, camera movement, contextual labels and captions.

ISS067-E-169803 - View of Iraq - Euphrates - Ramadi - Albu Faraj - Warrar Canal agricultural Delta (cropped).jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Earth Science and Remote Sensing Unit, Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center
License or public-domain status: Public domain (source status)
Source: Original source and rights record
Changes made for the film: Source image retained without retouching. Film display: scaling, camera movement, contextual labels and captions.

Cuneiform tablet- almanac for A.D. 31-32 MET ME86 11 354.jpg

Creator / recorded attribution: Creator not recorded; Metropolitan Museum of Art (image source)
License or public-domain status: CC0
Source: Original source and rights record
Changes made for the film: Source image retained without retouching. Film display: scaling, camera movement, contextual labels and captions.

Original maps and credit graphics

Original procedural compositions by Ancient Wonders Retold through video-scene-kit, used with production permission. This page grants no additional reuse license. Geographic diagrams show modern coastlines and approximate site locations, not ancient borders or literal travel routes.

Southern Mesopotamian cities: regional orientation

Creator: Ancient Wonders Retold through video-scene-kit
Permission: Original production permission; no additional reuse license granted
Source: Pinned scene-kit source
Changes made for the film: Rendered geographic animation with modern coastlines and approximate site markers, labels, disclosure and composition into the film.

Ashur and Kanesh: regional orientation

Creator: Ancient Wonders Retold through video-scene-kit
Permission: Original production permission; no additional reuse license granted
Source: Pinned scene-kit source
Changes made for the film: Rendered geographic animation with modern coastlines and approximate site markers, labels, disclosure and composition into the film.

Sources and image credits

Creator: Ancient Wonders Retold through video-scene-kit
Permission: Original production permission; no additional reuse license granted
Source: Pinned scene-kit source
Changes made for the film: Original title geometry, animated lighting, source-credit text, layout and composition into the film.